意大利UNIVER气缸图纸K1000630125
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1）缸筒
缸筒的内径大小代表了气缸输出力的大小。活塞要在缸筒内做平稳的往复滑动，缸筒内表面
的表面粗糙度应达到Ra0.8um。缸筒材质除使用高碳钢管外，还是用高强度铝合金和黄铜。
2）端盖
端盖上设有进排气通口，有的还在端盖内设有缓冲机构。杆侧端盖上设有密封圈和防尘圈6
以防止从活塞杆处向外漏气和防止外部灰尘混入缸内。杆侧端盖上设有导向套5，以提高
气缸的导向精度。
3）活塞
活塞是气缸中的受压力零件。为防止活塞左右两腔相互窜气，设有活塞密封圈12。还设有耐
磨环11以提高气缸的导向性。
4）活塞杆
活塞杆是气缸中zui重要的受力零件。通常使用高碳钢，表面经镀硬铬处理，或使用不锈钢，
以防腐蚀，并提高密封圈的耐磨性。
5）缓冲柱塞、缓冲节流阀
活塞两侧沿轴线方向设有缓冲柱塞1、3，同时缸盖上有缓冲节流阀14和缓冲套15，当气缸运
动到端头时，缓冲柱塞进入缓冲套，气缸排气需经缓冲节流阀，排气阻力增加，产生排气背
压，形成缓冲气垫，起到缓冲作用。
组成:缸体，活塞，密封圈，磁环（有sensor的气缸）
原理:压力空气使活塞移动，通过改变进气方向，改变活塞杆的移动方向。
失效形式:活塞卡si，不动作；气缸无力，密封圈磨损，漏气。
典型气缸工作原理和结构
以气动系统中zui常使用的单活塞杆双作用气缸为例来说明，气缸典型结构如下图所示。它
由缸筒、活塞、活塞杆、前端盖、后端盖及密封件等组成。双作用气缸内部被活塞分成两个
腔。有活塞杆腔称为有杆腔，无活塞杆腔称为无杆腔。
当从无杆腔输入压缩空气时，有杆腔排气，气缸两腔的压力差作用在活塞上所形成的力克服
阻力负载推动活塞运动，使活塞杆伸出；当有杆腔进气，无杆腔排气时，使活塞杆缩回。若
有杆腔和无杆腔交替进气和排气，活塞实现往复直线运动。
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